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Birds in North America will no longer be named after people.
北美的鳥類將不再以人的名字命名。
The American Ornithological Society announced the move Wednesday.
美國鳥類學會周三宣布了這一舉措。
Next year, the organization will begin to rename around 80 birds found in the United States and Canada.
明年，該組織將開始重新命名大約80只在美國和加拿大發現的鳥。
Colleen Handel is the organization's president.
科琳·漢德爾是該組織的主席。
She said: "There is power in a name, and some English bird names have associations with the past that continue to be exclusionary and harmful today."
她說：“名字中蘊含著力量，一些鳥的英文名字與過去有關聯，至今仍具有排他性和危害性?！?/p>
"Everyone who loves and cares about birds should be able to enjoy and study them freely," Handel added.
漢德爾補充道：“每個熱愛和關心鳥類的人都應該能夠自由地欣賞和研究它們?！?/p>
Rather than review each bird named after a person individually, all birds named after people will be renamed, the organization announced.
該組織宣布，所有以人名命名的鳥都將被重新命名，而不是逐一審查以人名命名的每一只鳥。
Birds that will be renamed include those currently called Wilson's warbler and Wilson's snipe.
將被重新命名的鳥包括目前被稱為黑頭威森鶯和美洲沙錐的鳥。
Those are both named after the 19th century naturalist Alexander Wilson.
它們都是以19世紀博物學家亞歷山大·威爾遜的名字命名的。
Audubon's shearwater, a seabird named for John James Audubon, also will get a new name.
奧氏鹱，一種以約翰·詹姆斯·奧杜邦的名字命名的海鳥，也將獲得一個新名字。
In 2020, the organization renamed a bird that used to be named after Confederate Army General, John P. McCown.
2020年，該組織重新命名了一種曾經以美國南部邦聯將軍約翰·麥克翁的名字命名的鳥。
It is now called the thick-billed longspur.
它現在被稱為麥氏鐵爪鹀。
"I'm really happy and excited about the announcement," said Emily Williams.
艾米麗·威廉姆斯說：“我得知這一消息時感到非常高興和興奮?！?/p>
She is an ornithologist at Georgetown University in Washington D.C. who was not involved in the decision.
她是華盛頓喬治敦大學的鳥類學家，她沒有參與這一決定。
She said debates over bird names have been happening among birdwatchers for the past several years.
她說，在過去的幾年里，觀鳥者一直在爭論鳥類的名字。
"Naming birds based on habitat or appearance is one of the least problematic approaches," Williams said.
威廉姆斯說：“根據棲息地或外表給鳥類命名是最不會產生問題的方法之一”。
Earlier this year, the National Audubon Society announced that it would keep its name.
今年早些時候，全美奧杜邦協會宣布其將保留其名稱。
Some critics argued that the group should lose its connection to John James Audubon, whose family owned slaves.
一些批評人士認為，該組織應該斷掉與約翰·詹姆斯·奧杜邦的聯系，因為他家有奴隸。
"The name has come to represent so much more than the work of one person," Susan Bell told Audubon magazine in March.
今年3月，蘇珊·貝爾在接受《奧杜邦》雜志采訪時說：“名字代表的不僅僅是一個人的作品?！?/p>
She is chair of the National Audubon Society's Board of Directors.
她是全美奧杜邦協會董事會主席。
Bell added, "We must reckon with the racist legacy of John James Audubon."
貝爾補充道：“我們必須正視約翰·詹姆斯·奧杜邦留下的種族主義遺產?！?/p>
A 2020 incident in New York's Central Park has been reported as an example of discrimination that Black people sometimes face when trying to enjoy the outdoors.
據報道，2020年在紐約中央公園發生的一起事件是黑人在試圖享受戶外活動時有時會面臨歧視的一個例子。
Christian Cooper, a Black birdwatcher, was looking for birds when he asked a white woman, Amy Cooper, to follow local rules and leash her dog.
黑人觀鳥者克里斯蒂安·庫珀在尋找鳥類時，要求一位名叫艾米·庫珀的白人女性遵守當地規定，給她的狗拴上皮帶。
Cooper called the police and was later charged with filing a false police report.
庫珀報了警，后來被指控報假案。
Police later dropped the charge.
警方后來撤銷了指控。
Soon after, a group of birdwatchers organized the first Black Birders Week for Black nature lovers and scientists.
不久之后，一群觀鳥者為黑人自然愛好者和科學家組織了第一屆黑人觀鳥者周。
And a group called Bird Names for Birds sent a petition to the ornithological society urging it to create "a plan to change harmful common names" of birds.
一個名為“鳥類名字專用”的組織向鳥類學會遞交了一份請愿書，敦促其制定“一項修改鳥類有害通用名稱的計劃”。
I'm Gena Bennett.
吉娜·班尼特為您播報。
譯文為可可英語翻譯，未經授權請勿轉載！
