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Recent shark bites in Florida and Hawaii and a suspected case in New Jersey have raised an age-old summer question for beachgoers — is it safe to go in the water?
最近在佛羅里達州和夏威夷發生的鯊魚咬人事件以及在新澤西州發生的一起疑似鯊魚咬人事件使得海灘游客提出了一個由來已久的夏季問題——下水安全嗎？
Scientists and researchers who study sharks said the answer to that question is yes, it is safe.
科學家和研究鯊魚的研究人員表示，這個問題的答案是肯定的，下水是安全的。
Dangerous interactions between humans and sharks are uncommon, and serious injuries and deaths from the bites are rare and growing rarer, scientists said.
科學家表示，人類和鯊魚之間的危險互動并不常見，鯊魚咬人造成的嚴重傷害和死亡事件也很少見，而且越來越罕見。
Still, the extraordinary nature of shark bites and the stories of survivors capture the imagination.
盡管如此，鯊魚咬人的非同尋常的性質和幸存者的故事仍然激發了人們的想象力。
In April, the story of a Hawaii surfer fighting off a shark got widespread public attention, for example.
例如，今年4月，一名夏威夷沖浪者與鯊魚搏斗的故事引起了公眾的廣泛關注。
But, it is a good idea to remember just how rare shark bites truly are, scientists said.
但是，科學家表示，記住鯊魚咬人的情況非常罕見是一個好主意。
There have been around 70 to 80 unprovoked shark bites yearly, worldwide, over the past 10 years.
在過去的10年里，全世界每年大約有70到80起鯊魚無端咬人事件。
And not only are shark bites rare, they have been especially rare recently.
鯊魚咬人很罕見，最近尤其罕見。
There were only 57 unprovoked bites last year, and just five of them were deadly, reports the University of Florida's International Shark Attack File.
據佛羅里達大學國際鯊魚攻擊檔案報道，去年只發生了57起無端咬人事件，其中只有5起是致命的。
There had been nine such deaths in 2021.
2021年發生了9起鯊魚咬人致死事件。
The shark attack file reported a year ago that one reason for the drop in bites might be the decrease of shark populations around the world.
國際鯊魚攻擊檔案一年前報告稱，咬人事件減少的一個原因可能是世界各地鯊魚數量的減少。
It is too early in the warm season to get an idea of how active this year will be for interactions between humans and sharks, said Greg Skomal.
格雷格·斯科馬爾說，在溫暖的季節，要想知道今年人類和鯊魚之間的互動會有多活躍還為時過早。
He is a shark expert with the Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries.
他是馬薩諸塞州海洋漁業局的鯊魚專家。
"If we get lots of bait fish and forage fish species close to shore, we have a super hot summer that draws people to beaches, more people in the water, then we can determine the risk," Skomal said.
斯科馬爾說：“如果海岸附近有大量的誘餌魚和飼料魚，且夏天超級炎熱，吸引人們去海灘，更多的人在水中，那么我們就可以確定風險?！?/p>
The United States and Australia are the sites of the most reported shark bites.
據報道，美國和澳大利亞是發生鯊魚咬人事件最多的地區。
The state of Florida led the world last year with 16 unprovoked bites, the shark attack file said.
國際鯊魚攻擊檔案稱，佛羅里達州去年發生了16起無端咬人事件，位居世界首位。
This month, two Florida fishermen were bitten by sharks in separate incidents less than 36 hours apart.
本月，佛羅里達州的兩名漁民在相隔不到36小時的不同事件中被鯊魚咬傷。
The rate of shark bites has stayed steady in recent years.
近年來，鯊魚咬人率一直保持穩定。
But, people may think attacks are more common because of new technology to report shark sightings, said Nick Whitney, a lead scientist at the New England Aquarium in Boston.
但是，波士頓新英格蘭水族館的首席科學家尼克·惠特尼說，人們可能認為鯊魚襲擊事件更常見，因為有了報道看見鯊魚的新技術。
Recently developed smartphone apps permit users to report shark sightings in real time.
最近開發的智能手機應用程序允許用戶實時報道看到的鯊魚。
White sharks, bull sharks and tiger sharks are the sharks most cited by the International Shark Attack File for unprovoked bites.
大白鯊、牛鯊和虎鯊是國際鯊魚攻擊檔案最常被引用的無端咬人的鯊魚。
They are large sharks that also cause the most deaths.
它們是導致死亡人數最多的大型鯊魚。
However, remember that many interactions with sharks are with smaller species that are unlikely to cause serious injuries, said James Sulikowski, director of the Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station at Oregon State University.
然而，俄勒岡州立大學俄勒岡海岸海洋實驗站主任詹姆斯·蘇利科夫斯基表示，要記住，與鯊魚互動的大多是較小的物種，這些物種不太可能造成嚴重傷害。
Those sharks might bite a human, realize we are not their desired prey and move on, he said.
他說，那些鯊魚可能會咬人，意識到我們不是它們想要的獵物時，它們就會繼續前進。
You are at much greater risk of getting hurt in a car accident on the way to the ocean than you are to get seriously injured by a shark bite when you are there.
你在去海邊的路上發生車禍受傷的風險比你在海里被鯊魚咬傷的風險要大得多。
Millions of people go to the ocean in the summer as the weather heats up, and that raises the possibility of interacting with a shark.
隨著夏天天氣變暖，數百萬人會去海邊，這增加了與鯊魚互動的可能性。
But by taking simple steps, visitors can reduce any chance of a dangerous interaction with a shark, Sulikowski said.
但蘇利科夫斯基說，通過采取簡單的措施，游客可以減少與鯊魚發生危險互動的可能性。
Such steps include avoiding the water early and late in the day when most sharks hunt for food.
這些措施包括避免在一天的早、晚時段下水，因為這兩個時段是大多數鯊魚捕食的時間。
You should also not carry anything shiny into the water.
你也不應該攜帶任何閃閃發光的東西下水。
"We are intruders in their environment. What we can do is be logical and safe about that and avoid areas where sharks are going to be feeding," Sulikowski said.
蘇利科夫斯基說：“我們是它們環境的入侵者。我們所能做的是合理而安全地避開鯊魚捕食的區域?！?/p>
"When an interaction occurs, it's mistaken identity — we are in an area where a shark is looking to eat."
當互動發生時，這是錯誤的特征——我們在一個鯊魚尋找東西吃的地方。
I'm Caty Weaver.
凱蒂·韋弗為您播報。
譯文為可可英語翻譯，未經授權請勿轉載！
