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The world this week--Business
本周國際要聞--商業
Britain’s headline rate of annual inflation fell sharply in April, to 8.7%.
4月份，英國的整體年通脹率大幅下降，降至8.7%。
But the fall was less than expected, given that last April’s rise in energy prices dropped out of the annual comparison.
但考慮到這次年度比較剔除了去年4月能源價格的上漲，此次降幅低于預期。
The core rate of inflation, stripping out energy and food, rose again to 6.8%; food prices were up by 19.1%.
剔除能源與食品價格后的核心通脹率再次上漲至6.8%; 食品價格上漲19.1%。
The yield on British government bonds jumped as markets bet that interest rates would increase further.
英國公債收益率跳漲，因市場押注利率將進一步上調。
Earlier, Andrew Bailey, the governor of the Bank of England, admitted that there are “big lessons to learn” from the failure of the bank’s economic models to predict the persistence of high inflation.
早些時候，英國央行行長安德魯·貝利承認，該行的經濟模型沒有預測到高通脹的持續性，這是值得吸取的重大教訓。
An updated estimate of Germany’s GDP in the first quarter showed the economy shrinking by 0.3% over the previous three months.
德國第一季度GDP最新評估報告顯示，德國經濟前三月萎縮了0.3%。
That means that Germany is technically in a recession, as the economy contracted by 0.5% in the fourth quarter of 2022.
這意味著德國嚴格按照事實來說處于衰退之中，因為2022年第四季度德國經濟收縮了0.5%。
The European Union slapped a 1.2bn euros(1.3bn dollars) fine on Meta, the owner of Facebook, for breaching rules on the transfer of personal data from the EU to America.
歐盟對臉書的所有者Meta處以12億歐元(合13億美元)的罰款，因該公司違規將個人數據從歐盟轉移到美國。
It is the biggest penalty imposed by the EU on a company for privacy violations.
這是歐盟對侵犯隱私的公司開出的最大罰單。
The decision gives Meta six months to stop processing data in America that it holds on EU citizens.
這項裁定禁止Meta處理其在美國持有的歐盟公民數據，為期六個月。
Meta described the actions as “unjustified” and said it would appeal against the fine.
Meta稱這些行動“不合理”，并表示將對罰款提起上訴。
China banned memory chips made by Micron, an American company, from being used in the country’s infrastructure development, a tit-for-tat move in response to America’s prohibition on Chinese technology.
中國禁止美國美光公司生產的存儲芯片用于該國的基礎設施建設，這一針鋒相對的舉措是為了回應美國對中國技術的禁令。
China claimed Micron’s chips “posed significant security risks”.
中國聲稱美光芯片“構成重大安全風險”。
America has reportedly asked South Korea to dissuade Samsung and SK Hynix, which make similar chips to Micron, from filling the gap in the Chinese market that will be left by Micron’s absence.
據報道，美國已要求韓國阻止三星和SK海力士(這兩家公司制造與美光類似的芯片)填補因美光缺席而留下的中國市場的空白。
TikTok filed a lawsuit against Montana for its decision to ban the social-media app, the first statewide prohibition of TikTok in America.
抖音就蒙大拿州禁止這款社交媒體應用軟件的裁決提起訴訟，這是美國首個在全州范圍內禁止抖音的裁決。
The Chinese firm argues that the ban is unconstitutional, and that Montana’s claim that TikTok shares data with the Chinese government is based on “unfounded speculation”.
這家中國公司辯稱，這項禁令違憲，而且，蒙大拿州聲稱抖音與中國政府共享數據是基于“毫無根據的猜測”。
Apple announced an agreement in which Broadcom, a big American maker of semiconductors, will supply 5G components for the iPhone.
蘋果公司宣布了一項協議，美國大型半導體制造商博通將為iPhone提供5G組件。
Sensitive to claims that it relies on China for the assembly of its devices, Tim Cook, Apple’s chief executive, said that all “of Apple’s products depend on technology engineered and built here” in the United States.
蘋果首席執行官蒂姆·庫克對蘋果依賴中國組裝設備的說法很敏感，他表示，所有“蘋果的產品都依賴于在美國設計和建立的技術”。
China overtook Japan as the world’s biggest exporter of cars in the first quarter, mostly because of its expanding production of electric vehicles.
今年第一季度，中國超過日本，成為全球最大的汽車出口國，這主要得益于中國不斷擴大的電動汽車生產。
China exported more than 1m vehicles in total during the three months, compared with Japan’s 950,000.
在前三月，中國總共出口了100多萬輛汽車，而日本的出口量為95萬輛。
